One of the first Europeans to arrive on Hilton Head Island recognized its scenic beauty more than
300 years ago, and those beautiful landscapes are still a major tourist attraction today. Like most
of the United States, American Indians were the first to inhabit Hilton Head, but it was Capt. William
Hilton who appreciated the island's high bluffs in 1663. Hilton claimed the area for England,
named the area “Hilton Headland” in his own honor, and toured the island for several
days – taking notes on its topography. Within a decade, the British established permanent
settlements further south in Charleston. Settlers soon moved south to Hilton Head and set up rice
and indigo plantations, which filled South Carolina's coffers until the Civil War. Union troops
overran nearby ports during the war, destroying farmers' abilities to export rice and indigo.
The state's economy collapsed and by the end of the Civil War, many plantation owners abandoned
their properties. Freed slaves became the primary inhabitants of the island for several years, and
Hilton Head remained an isolated, sleepy island until the mid-20th century. In the 1950s, Charles
Fraser began to buy land on the island and established its first planned community that preserved the
area's natural beauty. Fraser's environmentally friendly plans made Hilton Head one the
prime spots in the country to enjoy picturesque views. Tourists can experience these scenes at Hilton
Head Island's hotels and resorts.
Visiting Hilton Head Island
Hilton Head Island is a year-round destination because of its semi-tropical climate.
The average temperatures are in the 80s during the summer months and falls into the 50s during the winter.
This region of South Carolina's Lowlands has more than 200 sunny days annually. This temperate
weather allows visitors to engage in outdoor pursuits. Hilton Head has more than 40 of the world's
top-rated golf courses. Bicycling is also a favorite activity. Many places on the islands have bike paths,
but it's recommended that you have an automobile because some of the island's more commercial
areas are not bike-friendly.
